改革开放30年reform and open 30 years

After more than two decades of headlong rush to transform China from an autarkic centrally planned economy into a limited open-market economy， Hu is now leading a nation in the midst of fateful debates about the most effective and balanced route toward a modern harmonious socialist society. Autarky has never been voluntary Chinese policy under socialism but rather an externally imposed sanction of the Cold War.

经过二十多年的冲锋陷阵，中国从一个自给自足的中央计划经济进入有限公开市场经济,胡锦涛现在正在领导国家走向最有效的、平衡的现代社会主义和谐社会路线的重大辩论中。自给自足从来不是中国在社会主义中自愿的政策而是一个外部强加的冷战制裁。

China's shift toward market economy in the past two and a half decades was not taken in isolation from world trends. When Deng Xiaoping introduced the "open/reform" policies in 1979， toward the end of the Cold War， it was a rational response to a world infatuated with the extravagant promises of neo-liberal free trade. A quarter of a century later，while such open/reform policies have achieved spectacular results in bringing China forward into a modern interdependent world， the glaring resultant imbalances，such as excessive dependence on exports， worsening income disparity，regional development gaps， rampant official corruption，serious environmental crisis and near-total collapse of the social-service network and safety net，are raising calls for rethinking the wisdom of falling for the empty promises of neo-liberal globalization.

中国在过去二十五年里向市场经济转变并没有与世界趋势隔绝。当邓小平在1979年，冷战即将结束时提出“改革开放”政策时,对于新贸易自由主义是一个合理的回应世界迷恋奢侈的承诺。二十五年后,当改革开放政策把中国带进一个相互依存的现代世界中取得了令人瞩目的成果时,炫目导致了失衡，比如：过度依赖出口、收入差距变大、区域发展差距、官员腐败猖獗、严重的环境危机和几乎崩溃的网络社会服务和安全网，这些的加剧呼吁大家要重新认真考虑对新自由主义全球化的所开的空头支票。

There is no disagreement among the youth who are destined to shoulder the continuing task of national reconstruction toward economic prosperity and cultural renaissance on the need for further opening/reform. The dispute is on the correct definition and path of opening/reform： open to neo-colonialism and reform toward social inequality and moral decay，or open to assuming a legitimate place as a strong and peaceful nation in a world order of free sovereign nations of equality and reform toward creative and scientific socialist construction based on equality，justice and freedom for all.

注定要不断承担国家重建、文艺复兴任务的青年们对于进一步改革开放的需求并没有分歧。分歧在于正确的定义改革开放以及改革开放的途径：对新殖民主义、社会不平等和道德沦丧改革,或开放的假设一个合法的地方在自由平等的世界秩序中作为一个强大的、和平的走向改革创新和科学社会主义、基于平等、正义和自由建设的自由主权国家。

Over the past 30 years， China has been firmly pressing ahead with the implementation of the reform program and the initiative of opening up to the outside world. With the establishment of a preliminary socialist market economy， and the nation‘s economy attaining an outward-oriented perspective， the productive forces and the comprehensive national competence have been on the rising curve constantly. And various social undertakings have been developing in full swing. The living standard of the Chinese people as a whole has undergone a historical leap from a subsistence level to the level of moderate prosperity.

在过去的30年里,中国一直坚决推进改革的实施改革项目并主动的向世界开放。随着社会主义市场经济的初步建立以及整个国家的经济正达到一个外向型的角度上来看，生产力和国家综合竞争力一直呈现在不断上升的曲线。各项社会事业发展正在如火如荼地进行着。中国人民的生活水平作为一个整体已经经历了一个历史性的飞跃，从温饱水平达到小康水平。

In the 30 years between 1978 and 2003， the annual growth rate of China's economy was running at an average of 9.4 percent，with its GDP jumping from 147.3 billion US dollars to over 1.4 trillion US dollars.

在1978年和2003年之间的30年中,中国经济的年增长率平均在9.4%，国内生产总值从1473亿美元到超过1.4万亿美元。
30 years ago，China‘s foreign trade value and foreign exchange reserves each stood at 20.6 billion and 167 million in US dollars，but last year they shot up to 851.2 billion US dollars and 403.3 billion US dollars respectively.

30年前,中国的对外贸易和外汇储备价值分别是206亿和1.67亿美元,但去年他们分别上升到8512亿美元和4033亿美元。
China has now become the sixth largest economy and the fourth largest trader in the world.

中国现在已经成为第六大经济体和世界上第四大贸易国。
The tremendous changes in China are attributed to the fact that we have adhered to the path of building socialism with Chinese characteristics and persevered in our reform and opening endeavors，which brought into full play the Chinese people's initiative， enthusiasm and creativeness.

中国的巨大变化是由于这样的事实,即我们坚持建设有中国特色社会主义道路，坚持改革开放政策，发挥了中国人们的主动性,积极性和创造性。

Though China has scored impressive achievements in its development， we must not lose sight of our problems：overpopulation，a weak economic foundation， underdeveloped productivity，highly uneven development，and the fairly sharp contradictions between the country's ecological environment and natural resources on the one hand and its economic and social development on the other hand,China's per capita GDP，though reaching the record high of 1，000 US dollars last year， still ranks well behind the 100th place in the world. To realize China's modernization program and offer all the Chinese people a prosperous life there is yet an uphill battle to fight.

尽管中国在其发展中已经取得巨大的成就,但是我们必须正视我们的问题:人口过剩,经济基础薄弱,生产力不发达,高度不平衡发展,在国家生态环境和自然资源中相当尖锐的矛盾,一方面，其经济和社会发展。另一方面，中国的人均GDP,虽然去年达到了创纪录的1000美元,但仍然远远落后于世界百强。实现中国的现代化计划,并提供所有的中国人一个繁荣的生活，仍然还有一场艰苦的战斗。

We have already set our vision for the first 20 years of this century， which involves the building of a moderately prosperous society of a higher standard in an all-round way for the benefit of well over one billion Chinese people. By 2020 the GDP will be quadrupled from the figure of 2000 to 4 trillion US dollars， with the per capita level averaging at 3，000 US dollars. By then the nation will be immersed in an ambience of greater social harmony with an improved quality of life for the people，featuring a more developed economy，more sound democracy，more thriving culture and more advanced science and education.

我们已经设立这个世纪第一个20年的愿望了,包括全面建设的一个更高的标准、利益超过十亿的中国人的小康社会。到2020年,GDP将比2000年翻了两番达到4万亿美元,人均平均水平在3000美元。到那时国家会沉浸在一个更大的社会和谐的氛围并且改善人民生活质量,营造更发达的经济,更民主、更繁荣的文化和更先进的科学和教育。

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